Sometimes the load torque is higher sometimes the acceleration torque could be higher. The faster the load needs to accelerate, the higher the acceleration torque is. Acceleration torque is the torque required just for the maximum acceleration and deceleration rate for the load. Load torque is the amount of torque constantly required for application and includes friction load and gravitational load. Torque has 2 main components: load torque and acceleration torque. In other words, torque is the capacity to do the work, and power is the speed at which the work can be done. Horsepower is how fast the work can be done and is calculated with torque multiplied by speed. Torque is just as important, if not more important, than the horsepower of a motor. It is measured by units such as lb-in (pounds inch) in imperial or Nm (newton metre) in metric. Torque is defined as rotational force at a distance from the rotational axis. For the first part of this Motor Sizing Basics series, I will be explaining what load torque is, how to calculate it for specific application examples, and how it fits into the torque requirement for the application. Proper sizing of a motor requires that 3 criteria must be met: torque, load inertia, and speed.
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